Los conflictos armados pasados y actuales han generado grandes necesidades humanitarias en Oriente Medio. Suiza apoya la prestación de ayuda y de servicios para proteger a las personas afectadas por la violencia y participa activamente en la promoción de la paz y en la prevención de los conflictos violentos. También trabaja para garantizar la gestión sostenible del agua, la educación de calidad y la creación de ingresos para los refugiados, los desplazados internos, los migrantes vulnerables y las comunidades de acogida de Irak, Jordania, Líbano, Siria y Turquía.
Oriente Medio (Siria, Líbano, Jordania, Iraq)

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Representación honorario |
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Oficina de cooperación |
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Oficina de contribución |
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Embajada con Oficina de cooperación |
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Embajada con Centro consular regional |
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Swiss Business Hub |
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Capital |
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Litigios fronterizos |
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Río |
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Lago |
Oriente Medio sigue siendo el centro de atención del compromiso de la comunidad internacional y de Suiza. Los conflictos actuales y pasados han dado lugar a violaciones de los derechos humanos y del derecho internacional humanitario. Desde 2011, la crisis de Siria ha afectado a las vidas de, al menos, 12 millones de personas. Más de 5,5 millones de sirios están registrados como refugiados en países vecinos (Líbano, Jordania, Turquía e Irak) y 6 millones son aún desplazados internos. La cantidad de retornos es muy baja. Además, cerca de medio millón de personas han sido asesinadas y un sinnúmero de personas están desaparecidas o detenidas. Irak está pasando de una situación de emergencia a la fase de recuperación. No obstante, alrededor de 1,6 millones de personas siguen desplazadas internamente y casi 7 millones necesitan asistencia humanitaria. La situación prolongada sigue sobrecargando la capacidad de acogida de las comunidades y gobiernos.
Suiza tiene en Oriente Medio el propósito general de crear un entorno seguro para las víctimas de los conflictos y otras personas vulnerables, salvando vidas y fomentando la autonomía de la comunidad, reduciendo la fragilidad y generando una perspectiva de desarrollo. En el ámbito político, promueve la buena gobernanza, así como el respeto de los derechos humanos internacionales, incluidos los derechos de los refugiados, y el derecho internacional humanitario. También apoya la prevención y la transformación de conflictos.
AOD bilateral de Suiza |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 * |
---|---|---|---|
Agencia Suiza para el Desarrollo y la Cooperación (COSUDE) |
|
|
|
Cooperación bilateral al desarrollo |
9.36 |
2.04 |
11.80 |
Ayuda humanitaria |
71.82 |
68.10 |
55.28 |
Secretaría de Estado para la Economía (SECO) |
|
|
|
Cooperación y desarrollo económicos |
0.11 |
0.36 |
0.22 |
División de Paz y Derechos Humanos (DPDH) |
|
|
|
Gestión de conflictos civiles y derechos humanos |
5.78 |
6.71 |
6.12 |
Total COSUDE/SECO/DPDH |
87.07 |
77.21 |
73.42 |
Otros departamentos y oficinas federales |
|
|
|
Otros divisiones de DFAE (ASAF, AIO, etc) |
0.12 |
0.21 |
.. |
Red de representaciónes de Suiza (DFAE) en el exterior |
5.27 |
5.22 |
.. |
Secretaría de Estado de Migraciones (SEM) |
2.08 |
2.13 |
.. |
Secretaría de Estado para la Educación y la Investigación (SER) |
0.49 |
0.41 |
.. |
MeteoSwiss |
- |
- |
- |
Departamento Federal de Defensa, Protección Civil y Deporte (DDPD) |
- |
- |
- |
Oficina Federal de Medioambiente (OFEV) |
- |
- |
.. |
Oficina federal de estadística |
- |
- |
- |
Total oficinas federales |
7.96 |
7.97 |
- |
Cantones y municipios |
0.70 |
.. |
.. |
Total |
95.73 |
85.18 |
73.42 |
* previsto; total de los datos disponibles
** Sin las contribuciones multilaterales a la Oficina de Socorro y Trabajos de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados de Palestina (UNRWA)
.. = sin datos | – = suma, igual a cero o suma < 5'000 CHF
Protección y migración
Protección para las personas vulnerables y afectadas por el conflicto en Siria
En Siria, el conflicto armado en curso ha obligado a más de seis millones de personas a abandonar su lugar de origen y a desplazarse forzosamente dentro de su propio país. En promedio, las personas han sido desplazadas dos o tres veces desde el inicio de la crisis, lo que ha aumentado su vulnerabilidad. Estas personas especialmente vulnerables necesitan vivienda, agua, educación, entre otros servicios. Suiza está apoyando a los hogares vulnerables a colmar estas necesidades básicas, entre otros, proporcionándoles medios de subsistencia, a través de ayudas en efectivo y de formación.
Prevención de catástrofes, ayuda de emergencia reconstrucción y protección
Agua, higiene y saneamiento
Mejor acceso al agua y al saneamiento en el valle de Bekaa (Líbano)
El Líbano acoge actualmente a más de un millón de refugiados sirios. Por lo que la demanda de recursos naturales, tales como el agua, es muy alta. En el valle de Bekaa, en la frontera con Siria, la COSUDE apoya a las autoridades locales responsables de los recursos hídricos con el sistema de monitoreo del agua y de las aguas residuales. La COSUDE colabora con el Bekaa Water Establishment para proporcionar agua limpia y segura a las comunidades de acogida y a los refugiados sirios que viven en el valle.
Educación e ingresos
Fomentar la calidad y la inclusividad de los sistemas educativos
Los conflictos y los desplazamientos de población han intensificado la presión que soportan las economías locales, ya frágiles. El compromiso de Suiza persigue reducir el impacto económico al facilitar el acceso equitativo tanto a la educación como a los ingresos. Mediante el fortalecimiento de las capacidades educativas nacionales, su objetivo es mejorar la educación de los niños, contribuir a que alcancen su máximo potencial educativo y fomentar que completen la educación obligatoria. Mediante el apoyo a las oportunidades de generación de ingresos y al sector privado, y a través de la promoción de marcos legales para garantizar una renta digna, Suiza busca mejorar las oportunidades de ganarse la vida para hombres y mujeres por igual. Con la inclusión de las comunidades de acogida y de los refugiados en los proyectos en materia de educación e ingresos, este enfoque tiene como objetivo fortalecer la cohesión social y evitar más violencia.
La educación básica y la formación profesional
Promoción de la paz y prevención de conflictos
Creando las condiciones para la paz y la reconciliación
Suiza tiene como objetivo abordar las causas fundamentales de la violencia y prevenir los conflictos violentos. También trabaja en pos de la paz a través de la restauración de las relaciones y de los sistemas sociales que atienden las necesidades de toda la población, así como en la resolución de conflictos. Suiza apoya esos esfuerzos a través de procesos que incluyen a agentes estatales y no estatales, ya sea a nivel comunitario o nacional, y trabajando para mejorar los marcos legales y políticos.
Enfoque y contrapartes
Los instigadores de los conflictos prolongados en Oriente Medio y las relaciones entre ellos requieren una respuesta regional. Con un “enfoque pangubernamental”, la Agencia Suiza para el Desarrollo y la Cooperación, la División de Paz y Derechos Humanos y la Secretaría de Estado para las Migraciones trabajan en estrecha cooperación para lograr los objetivos de la cooperación internacional de Suiza en la región.
El compromiso de la COSUDE se centra en cuatro líneas de acción, a saber:
- contribuciones en efectivo y en especie a organizaciones humanitarias y de desarrollo;
- intervención directa;
- comisiones de servicio de expertos técnicos de la Unidad Suiza de Ayuda Humanitaria a organizaciones de las Naciones Unidas; y
- promoción de la coordinación internacional y de la diplomacia humanitaria.
El apoyo de la División de Paz y Derechos Humanos consiste en proporcionar conocimientos especializados a agentes multilaterales y nacionales, a través de comisiones de servicio de los expertos del DFAE en materia de promoción civil de la paz; coordinar y organizar diálogos y desarrollar capacidades, ya sea directamente o mediante la prestación de apoyo técnico o financiero a organizaciones no gubernamentales internacionales y nacionales.
Las contrapartes clave de Suiza en la región son:
- actores nacionales y locales de los países interesados;
- organizaciones internacionales, entre ellas el Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja (CICR);
- organizaciones multilaterales: la Oficina de Coordinación de Asuntos Humanitarios (OCHA), el Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados (ACNUR), el Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF) y el Organismo de Obras Públicas y Socorro de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados de Palestina en el Cercano Oriente (OOPS), la Oficina del Enviado Especial del Secretario General para Siria, el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD), etc.;
- organizaciones de la sociedad civil; y
- ONG internacionales y suizas: Terre des hommes y MEDAIR, entre otras.
Enlaces
Documentos
Proyectos actuales
Objeto 1 3 de 3
- 1
Contribution to UNRWA's Programme Budget 2023-2024
01.01.2023
- 31.12.2024
UNRWA is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners in the Middle East, due to its important contributions towards stability and peace in the region and its role in providing services and humanitarian assistance to people in need. Under its Programme Budget, UNRWA ensures universal access to quality primary health care and to basic education to 5.8 million registered Palestine refugees. It also provides targeted relief and social services to vulnerable refugees.
Contribution to UNHCR Programme Budget 2023-2024 (earmarked)
01.01.2023
- 31.12.2024
UNHCR is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners due to its unique mandate by the General Assembly of United Nations to provide protection and assistance to refugees, asylum seekers, refugee returnees, and stateless persons. The strategic direction 2022-26 concretise the overall mandate of UNHCR for the upcoming years. Contributing to these directions allows Switzerland to achieve in particular the human development goal defined in the Dispatch to Parliament on International Cooperation for 2021-24.
SYR iMMAP - Information Management Resource Center
01.05.2017
- 31.12.2017
Objeto 1 3 de 3
- 1
Objeto 1 7 de 7
- 1
Contribution to UNRWA's Programme Budget 2023-2024
01.01.2023
- 31.12.2024
UNRWA is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners in the Middle East, due to its important contributions towards stability and peace in the region and its role in providing services and humanitarian assistance to people in need. Under its Programme Budget, UNRWA ensures universal access to quality primary health care and to basic education to 5.8 million registered Palestine refugees. It also provides targeted relief and social services to vulnerable refugees.
Contribution to UNHCR Programme Budget 2023-2024 (earmarked)
01.01.2023
- 31.12.2024
UNHCR is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners due to its unique mandate by the General Assembly of United Nations to provide protection and assistance to refugees, asylum seekers, refugee returnees, and stateless persons. The strategic direction 2022-26 concretise the overall mandate of UNHCR for the upcoming years. Contributing to these directions allows Switzerland to achieve in particular the human development goal defined in the Dispatch to Parliament on International Cooperation for 2021-24.
LEB Access and Quality Education for refugee and vulnerable host community children
01.10.2021
- 30.09.2024
The education sector in Lebanon is facing multiple crises, leading to the discontinuity of learning for many children. Switzerland’s contribution to Plan International and Save the Children will provide children in the Bekaa and Baalbek-Hermel governorates with improved access to and retention in quality, safe and inclusive education. The project follows a triple nexus approach by considering immediate humanitarian needs and aiming at the reintegration of out-of-school children while fostering social cohesion in a context of mounting tensions.
Explosion Beirut-Support to Education Sector
01.09.2020
- 31.08.2021
The project is a direct action to support the rehabilitation and renovation of public schools that were damaged by the 4th August blast in Beirut. The schools selected for the direct action are located in diverse neighbourhoods, with a particular focus on schools serving vulnerable populations of all nationalities and religious backgrounds (including refugees). The direct action is a contribution to the rehabilitation effort coordinated by the Ministry of education and the UN.
Decent Work for Migrants in the Middle East
15.07.2019
- 30.06.2023
This program contributes to decent work opportunities for migrants and refugees in the Middle East which is one of the largest migrant hosting regions globally due to economic demands and displacement from conflict. It complements the focus on Asian migrants with migrants from Africa and seek closer partnership with the private sector. Due to its relevant expertise and experience in decent work and fair recruitment, Switzerland is well placed to contribute to an improved protection and an enhanced wellbeing of migrant workers and self-reliance for refugees, to maximize the productive potential of migration, and to counter irregular and unsafe migration.
Small Actions Credit Line (Quick Impact)
01.03.2019
- 31.12.2022
The Small Actions Credit Line (Quick Impact) is a humanitarian instrument of the Swiss Embassy's cooperation office that allows a fast response to requests for moderate one-time funding of limited duration. It enables the Embassy's cooperation office in Lebanon to fund small scale development or humanitarian activities that addresses needs of refugees, IDPs, vulnerable migrants or communities at risk, supports the strategic strengthening of the portfolio of the Swiss Cooperation Strategy Middle East and which contribute to the visibility of Swiss presence in the region.
LEB – Improved Water Resources Monitoring and Integrated Water Resources Management in the North of Lebanon
01.07.2017
- 31.05.2022
For over five years now, the Syria crisis is continuing to affect middle-income neighbouring countries. As a result, Lebanon hosts the highest number of refugees per capita in the world. The weak governance of the Government has been worsened with the burden of the refugees from Syria and Palestine who use the same overstretched infrastructure and public services. The project aims at enabling the water authorities to better manage the water sector for the benefit of the vulnerable communities in the North of the country.
Objeto 1 7 de 7
- 1
Objeto 1 2 de 2
- 1
Contribution to UNHCR Programme Budget 2023-2024 (earmarked)
01.01.2023
- 31.12.2024
UNHCR is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners due to its unique mandate by the General Assembly of United Nations to provide protection and assistance to refugees, asylum seekers, refugee returnees, and stateless persons. The strategic direction 2022-26 concretise the overall mandate of UNHCR for the upcoming years. Contributing to these directions allows Switzerland to achieve in particular the human development goal defined in the Dispatch to Parliament on International Cooperation for 2021-24.
IRQ Oxfam – Integrated WASH and Protection response to conflict affected communities in Diyala governorate
01.09.2017
- 28.02.2020
A majority of people living in rural northern Diyala do not have access to potable water which results in communities utilizing unsafe sources like rivers and irrigation channels. The lack of solid waste management systems further aggravates the poor health conditions within this area. This project aims at reducing water and sanitation related risks and increasing access to clean water for IDPs, returnees and host communities living in the districts of Kifri and Khanaqin. It also helps particularly vulnerable families access protection services.
Objeto 1 2 de 2
- 1
Objeto 1 12 de 12
- 1
Sanitation Solutions for underserved Communities in Jordan
01.06.2023
- 31.05.2026
Switzerland will build a decentralised wastewater treatment plant in Azraq. Proven Swiss know-how in wastewater management will be applied to increase the efficiency of the treatment plant and to demonstrate how wastewater can be converted into physical and financial resources. The chosen approach for reducing freshwater consumption in agriculture by replacing it with safely treated waste water, in one of the most water-scarce countries, will be promoted based on the implementation of this flagship project.
Enhancing Protection and Justice for Vulnerable Children and Youth in Jordan
01.02.2023
- 31.12.2025
Children are among the most affected by multiple crisis in Jordan. The holistic child protection intervention proposed by Terre des hommes (Tdh) addresses and responds to the complex and intertwined protection needs of the most vulnerable children and youth in Jordan. It links quality of services with institutionalcapacity building and advocacy, thereby fostering a right-based and more sustainable child protection system and addressing hindering social norms in a comprehensive way.
Contribution to UNRWA's Programme Budget 2023-2024
01.01.2023
- 31.12.2024
UNRWA is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners in the Middle East, due to its important contributions towards stability and peace in the region and its role in providing services and humanitarian assistance to people in need. Under its Programme Budget, UNRWA ensures universal access to quality primary health care and to basic education to 5.8 million registered Palestine refugees. It also provides targeted relief and social services to vulnerable refugees.
JOR Medair: Social protection program towards improving resilience of refugees and vulnerable Jordanians
01.01.2023
- 31.12.2025
The project initiates a third phase during which Medair Jordan will continue to reach new households in Amman, Irbid and Mafraq with case management and cash for protection, including emergency cash assistance, while focusing on livelihoods solutions to improve the resilience of refugees and vulnerable Jordanians. The project will also build and strengthen the institutional capacities of local actors to provide social protection services through coordination and experience and knowledge exchange.
Contribution to UNHCR Programme Budget 2023-2024 (earmarked)
01.01.2023
- 31.12.2024
UNHCR is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners due to its unique mandate by the General Assembly of United Nations to provide protection and assistance to refugees, asylum seekers, refugee returnees, and stateless persons. The strategic direction 2022-26 concretise the overall mandate of UNHCR for the upcoming years. Contributing to these directions allows Switzerland to achieve in particular the human development goal defined in the Dispatch to Parliament on International Cooperation for 2021-24.
Water Management and Livelihoods for Underserved Communities in Jordan
01.04.2022
- 31.03.2024
Jordan has attempted to implement water and agricultural management systems and policies in urban areas to face the challenge of limited natural resources. In Zubarieya Village, the community has created an environment where they manage their own ecosystems through a community-based approach. This project will focus on improving and maintaining the water supply system, and support local governance system to ensure proper water management and agriculture systems, protect groundwater and soil, and facilitate sustainable livelihoods.
Strengthening Social Protection in Jordan
01.08.2020
- 31.12.2021
Switzerland's contribution to this multi-donor project will provide social assistance to Jordanians households which are unable to meet their basic needs, including as a result of COVID-19, and at the same time support the institutional reform process of Jordan's social protection system. Switzerland will contribute to the reform process of the National Aid Fund to make it more effective, inclusive, accountable and sustainable. This first phase orient Switzerland’s engagement in upcoming phases which will be manly focussed on the institutional reform process.
Decent Work for Migrants in the Middle East
15.07.2019
- 30.06.2023
This program contributes to decent work opportunities for migrants and refugees in the Middle East which is one of the largest migrant hosting regions globally due to economic demands and displacement from conflict. It complements the focus on Asian migrants with migrants from Africa and seek closer partnership with the private sector. Due to its relevant expertise and experience in decent work and fair recruitment, Switzerland is well placed to contribute to an improved protection and an enhanced wellbeing of migrant workers and self-reliance for refugees, to maximize the productive potential of migration, and to counter irregular and unsafe migration.
Relief International: Providing educational opportunities for Syrian refugees in Za’atari and Azraq camps
01.01.2019
- 31.08.2020
SDC’s contribution will help to maintain essential education services provided by Relief International (RI) for Syrian refugee children and youth in Za’atari and Azraq camps especially after the drastic funding cuts announced by UNICEF in June 2018. The project contributes to retain school-aged refugee children in the formal education system by providing support through: 1) Remedial Education services for in-school children with learning difficulties and 2) the certified drop-out programme for out-of-school children who can only go back to school if they complete the programme.
JOR, Governance Study for the Water, Sanitation and Energy Infrastructure in Syrian Refugee Camps (Za'atari & Azraq)
01.08.2017
- 31.07.2018
Urban Planning and Infrastructure in Migration Contexts
01.01.2021
- 30.06.2024
This Project aims at improving access to reliable services and socio-economic opportunities for migrants in urban settlements of supported cities in Myanmar, Egypt, Jordan and Cameroon. It will do so by developing inclusive urban development plans and link necessary economic infrastructure investments to financing in those settlements.
Economic Inclusion in MENA Region
01.10.2017
- 31.12.2024
Around specific investments the project seeks to equip workers with the necessary skills to get employed. It fosters the inclusion agenda in Egypt, Tunisia, Jordan and Morocco by targeting specifically youth, gender and people from disadvantaged regions.
Objeto 1 12 de 12
- 1