Diritto all’acqua e ai servizi igienico-sanitari per tutti

19.11.2015, Distretto di Chiredzi, Zimbabwe, blocco latrine della scuola elementare «Ruware».
L’accesso all’acqua e ai servizi igienico-sanitari sono diritti umani a pieno titolo. Scolari si lavano le mani davanti al blocco latrine della scuola elementare «Ruware» nel distretto di Chiredzi, Zimbabwe. © Andreas Steiner, DSC

Oggi circa 844 milioni di persone non hanno accesso all’acqua potabile. La DSC s’impegna affinché tutti possano beneficiare di un approvvigionamento di acqua potabile sicuro e di servizi igienico-sanitari adeguati. Riconosciuto dal 2010 come diritto umano a pieno titolo, l’accesso all’acqua potabile e ai servizi igienico-sanitari è fondamentale per soddisfare i bisogni umani di base.

Obiettivi principali della DSC

L’acqua è un bene comune e l’accesso all’acqua potabile e ai servizi igienico-sanitari è un diritto umano. La DSC s’impegna affinché tutti possano godere di un approvvigionamento di acqua potabile e mantenere un’igiene adeguata grazie alle strutture sanitarie e agli impianti di trattamento delle acque reflue. In materia di risorse idriche, la Svizzera dispone di un’esperienza di lunga data riconosciuta a livello mondiale e sostiene numerose attività ad esempio:

  • la ricerca applicata e le innovazioni;
  • un meccanismo di finanziamento a livello mondiale per migliorare l’accesso all’acqua e il trattamento delle acque di scarico;
  • lo sviluppo di nuovi approcci per quanto riguarda i servizi e nuove cooperazioni con il settore privato (quadro globale «Water Stewardship Standard»);
  • l’aumento dei programmi infrastrutturali: il buon funzionamento degli impianti viene garantito anche attraverso il potenziamento delle capacità e la formazione.

Nel dialogo politico tra i Governi, il settore privato e la società civile, la DSC apporta la propria esperienza pratica per favorire l’apprendimento reciproco e accelerare a livello mondiale l’applicazione di soluzioni efficaci e sostenibili.

Contesto

Secondo le stime dell’ONU, oggi circa 844 milioni di persone non hanno accesso all’acqua potabile, 2,3 miliardi non dispongono di impianti sanitari adeguati e 892 milioni devono espletare le proprie funzioni corporali all’aperto. Nei Paesi in via di sviluppo, l’80% delle malattie sono riconducibili esclusivamente a condizioni igienico-sanitarie carenti. Nel mondo, muoiono ogni giorno 1000 bambini sotto i cinque anni a causa di una malattia diarroica contratta per aver bevuto acqua non salubre. In molti casi, tuttavia, la causa principale dei problemi non è la carenza idrica in sé, ma piuttosto la mancanza degli investimenti finanziari a livello nazionale e internazionale volti a rendere accessibili, ove necessario, risorse idriche di qualità adeguata. La DSC punta pertanto sulla cooperazione con gli attori coinvolti nell’intento di dare vita a un sistema che consenta a tutti, a lungo termine, di disporre di un accesso ad acqua pulita e potabile.

Documenti

Progetti attuali

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UNICEF, EMOPS Geneva, Core Contribution 2024-2025

01.01.2024 - 31.12.2025

The Office of Emergency Programmes (EMOPS) ensures that the United Nations Children’s Fund’s (UNICEF) role in complex emergencies is clearly defined, the organization properly equipped and prepared to deliver its mandate to support the needs of children. SDC’s support to EMOPS in Geneva enables UNICEF to lead inter-agency humanitarian coordination, response and standard setting in Water and Sanitation (WASH), Education, Nutrition and Child Protection.


Colombia: MIRE+, Assistance to Victims of Violence

01.10.2023 - 31.03.2025

The humanitarian crisis in Colombia continues despite growing efforts towards peace. Armed groups fighting for territory and valuable natural resources inflict extreme harm on rural and ethnic communities. In line with the Swiss interest to respond to humanitarian crises, SDC remains dedicated to supporting these communities, enhancing their individual and collective resilience. The project integrates humanitarian action with a developmental and peace orientation (nexus).


Humanitarian assistance to people affected by the protracted crisis in Venezuela

01.09.2023 - 31.12.2024

Despite a moderate recovery in some economic indicators during 2022, the Venezuelan economy continues to contract during 2023. Meanwhile, there is no improvement in the structural causes of the humanitarian crisis. As a result, the needs of the most vulnerable are still high. Therefore, Caritas aims to facilitate access on health, nutrition, food security and livelihoods, for vulnerable families in eight states according to the Guidance Note for Venezuela 2022-2024. 


MOZ HA UNICEF Wash Preparedness 2023

01.09.2023 - 31.05.2024

Through UNICEF country program support, Switzerland contributes to integrated climate resilience, disaster risk reduction and preparedness in the WASH sector for communities at risk of cyclonic events. The program focuses on communities facing the triple risk of lacking access to WASH while being exposed to climate-related and health-related hazards. In addition, UNICEF program will respond to specific gaps in the emergency response at national and sub-national levels and prepare the WASH sector for a joint and systematic approach to climate change. 


VEN, CISP: Integrated assistance in VEN/COL/ECU/PER

01.09.2023 - 31.08.2024

The humanitarian situation in Venezuela continues to be critical, as well as the migration crisis of Venezuelans in the region, with more than 7 million Venezuelans abroad. High rates of cross-border mobility are registered with pendular migrants, travellers, returnees and unaccompanied minors. In this project, CISP will provide comprehensive assistance to vulnerable people in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and also Peru with a special focus on protection, WASH, health and livelihoods. 


Peru, SEDAPAL: Emergency Water Supply in Lima

01.08.2023 - 31.12.2027

Lima with a population of over 12 million is subject to the highest seismic vulnerability in Peru. Hence, ensuring Lima’s water supply continuity in case of a major earthquake is crucial. The initiative aims at contributing to strengthened preparedness capacities of Lima’s water service provider (SEDAPAL) by improving its technical, financial and logistical capacities, knowledge exchange and inter-sectorial coordination together with key partners from government, academia, and the private sector.


Multisectoral response to the humanitarian needs and protection risks of children, adolescents, and their families in the Orinoco Mining Arc.

15.06.2023 - 31.12.2024

The NRC intervention seeks to provide assistance in the sectors of Protection, Education, Food Security and Livelihoods, and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, to 6,483 direct beneficiaries, including children, adolescents, and their families in communities and schools of the Orinoco Mining Arc; a hotspot area for illegal mining and high levels of violence in Bolivar state, near the border between Venezuela and Brazil, a priority area for the SDC Guidance Note for Venezuela 2022-2024.


Sanitation Solutions for underserved Communities in Jordan

01.06.2023 - 31.05.2026

Switzerland will build a decentralised wastewater treatment plant in Azraq. Proven Swiss know-how in wastewater management will be applied to increase the efficiency of the treatment plant and to demonstrate how wastewater can be converted into physical and financial resources. The chosen approach for reducing freshwater consumption in agriculture by replacing it with safely treated waste water, in one of the most water-scarce countries, will be promoted based on the implementation of this flagship project.


Provide support to multi-sectoral needs for vulnerable families in the states of Bolivar and Sucre States

01.06.2023 - 31.12.2024

In cooperation with national and international stakeholders, RET will provide multi sectorial assistance for a total of 7’331 direct beneficiaries in Sucre and Bolívar states, by addressing their basic needs and strengthening opportunities in the sectors of food security and livelihoods, nutrition and health services, as well as in water, sanitation and hygiene; in line with the Humanitarian Response Plan for Venezuela 2022 – 2023 and the SDC Guidance Note for Venezuela 2022 – 2024.


Multisectoral response to the humanitarian needs of vulnerable people in Amazonas, Zulia and Bolivar states

01.06.2023 - 31.12.2024

Amid the protracted crisis in Venezuela, Action Against Hunger will provide humanitarian assistance in the sectors of Food Security and Livelihoods, Health and Nutrition for a total of 15’961 direct beneficiaries, identified as the most vulnerable population in Amazonas, Bolívar and Zulia states – border states with Colombia and Brazil; in line with the United Nation’s Humanitarian Response Plan for Venezuela 2022 – 2024 and the SDC Guidance Note for Venezuela 2022 – 2024


Climate-sensitive Water Resources Management in Central Asia

01.06.2023 - 31.05.2027

The Climate Sensitive Water Resources Management in Central Asia project strengthens national and regional organisations responsible for water resource management in Central Asia to implement climate-sensitive integrated water resources management in a regionally coordinated manner. Switzerland will contribute to this initiative which is designed in the frame of the German led, GIZ implemented Green Central Asia High-Level Platform. 


Nigeria, Action Contre la Faim, Provision of life-saving nutrition and WASH services to reduce morbidity and mortality in Northwest Nigeria

01.06.2023 - 31.05.2024

Nigeria’s Northwest region has the highest rate of food insecurity and malnutrition in the country, with more than half of local government areas classified as food insecure and nearly 3.9 million children aged 0-59 months expected to suffer from acute malnutrition by April 2023. With this contribution, the SDC supports Action Contre la Faim to provide life-saving nutrition and WASH services to reduce morbidity and mortality attributed to acute malnutrition in Northwest Nigeria.

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