Sudán y Eritrea

Desde hace varias décadas, Sudán es escenario de repetidas intervenciones humanitarias. El principal objetivo de la COSUDE en el país es salvar vidas y proteger a las víctimas de los conflictos bélicos y los desastres naturales. La COSUDE trabaja en el ámbito de la seguridad alimentaria y la agricultura, así como también en la ayuda de emergencia y la protección de la población civil.

Crisis in Sudan

Owing to the security situation, the Swiss embassy in Karthoum has been temporarily closed since Sunday, April 23, 2023. Transferable staff have been evacuated. Switzerland continues to provide humanitarian aid in Sudan and neighboring countries through its partners, in particular the ICRC, WFP, UNHCR and the Humanitarian Fund for Sudan, managed by the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs of the United Nations (OCHA).

For further information:

Mapa de Sudán
© FDFA

Las luchas de poder y la violencia que han convulsionado el país en el transcurso de las últimas décadas han aumentado la pobreza y la vulnerabilidad de la población civil sudanesa.

Sobre el terreno, Suiza opera principalmente a través de su Ayuda Humanitaria. Los proyectos de la COSUDE se inscriben en el marco de una estrategia de cooperación integrada que agrupa las actividades de la Dirección Política del DFAE y de la Secretaría de Estado para las Migraciones (SEM).

Seguridad alimentaria y agricultura

Reforzar la capacidad de resistencia de las poblaciones vulnerables

En las regiones de Darfur, Kordofan del Sur/Abyei, del Nilo Azul y del este de Sudán, la población civil se encuentra regularmente expuesta al riesgo de inseguridad alimentaria debido a los persistentes conflictos que traen aparejados desplazamientos forzosos de la población. Las sequías causadas por precipitaciones irregulares y el pastoreo excesivo empeoran las ya precarias condiciones de vida de la población.

La COSUDE brinda apoyo al Programa Mundial de Alimentos (PMA) y a otros organismos de la ONU en la distribución de alimentos y semillas. También colabora en el marco de proyectos de vacunación del ganado, especialmente del Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja (CICR), dado que la ganadería representa un medio de subsistencia importante para un gran número de familias sudanesas.

Agricultura y seguridad alimentaria

Ayuda de emergencia

Acceso a los servicios básicos

Los estallidos de violencia intercomunitaria que persisten en Darfur desde 2003 y los conflictos desencadenados en el sur del país a partir de 2011 han provocado el desplazamiento de millares de personas, cuyo acceso al agua potable, a infraestructuras en buenas condiciones sanitarias y a la asistencia médica es muy limitado. Para los otros habitantes del país, la situación no es mucho mejor. La COSUDE aboga a favor de una prestación de servicios básicos más eficaz, que cuente con el apoyo del Estado en todos sus niveles, comenzando por las autoridades y las comunidades locales.

La COSUDE pone también expertos del Cuerpo Suizo de Ayuda Humanitaria a disposición de sus socios de la ONU.  

Prevención de catástrofes, ayuda de emergencia y reconstrucción

Acceso humanitario y protección

Proteger a las personas desplazadas y a los refugiados

Una de las prioridades de Suiza en Sudán es proteger a la población civil en los conflictos armados. Como consecuencia de los actos de violencia en Darfur y en los estados de Kordofan del Sur/Abyei y del Nilo Azul, millares de personas se han visto obligadas a abandonar sus domicilios. Dichas tensiones repercuten directamente en la integridad de las personas. Los enfrentamientos dejan secuelas traumáticas, en particular en los niños. Suiza trabaja activamente para que todas las partes implicadas respeten el derecho internacional humanitario. En colaboración con el CICR y la Oficina de Coordinación de Asuntos Humanitarios de las Naciones Unidas (OCAH), Suiza interviene ante las autoridades y los grupos armados abogando por la protección de las víctimas y por que tengan acceso a la ayuda humanitaria.

Finalmente, Suiza se ocupa de la situación de los refugiados y migrantes que circulan en la región denominada Cuerno de África. Mediante una intervención conjunta de la SEM y la COSUDE, se cubren sus necesidades básicas, velando al mismo tiempo por brindar ayuda a las poblaciones que los acogen.

La fragilidad y la violencia obstaculizan la lucha contra la pobreza

Historia de la cooperación

Dos décadas de ayuda humanitaria

La Ayuda Humanitaria suiza interviene en Sudán desde 1994. Antes y después de los acuerdos de paz firmados en 2005 entre el Gobierno y el Movimiento de Liberación del Pueblo Sudanés, los esfuerzos se concentraron en el sur del país y en el centro, en los montes Nuba. A partir de 2003, la COSUDE incluyó en sus ejes prioritarios las consecuencias de la guerra en Darfur. La ayuda que se brinda a la población consiste en una ayuda de emergencia y en proyectos de rehabilitación, por partes iguales. En 2004 y 2006 se inauguraron dos oficinas en Jartum y Djouba respectivamente, a fin de asegurar la coordinación de las actividades de la Ayuda Humanitaria y de otros organismos helvéticos. Tras la división de Sudán en dos países en 2011, la COSUDE duplicó el presupuesto que había asignado hasta entonces al único Sudán.

El compromiso de Suiza en Eritrea

Eritrea no es un país prioritario para la cooperación internacional de Suiza. Tras retirarse en 2006, la COSUDE reanudó la cooperación con Eritrea sobre la base de un mandato del Consejo Federal en 2016. Tras un estudio de viabilidad, cofinanció tres proyectos piloto a finales de 2017, que fueron evaluados en 2019. Tras la evaluación, el DFAE decidió continuar la cooperación con Eritrea durante otros tres años. Este compromiso, que asciende a 6 millones de francos, se centrará en el ámbito de la formación profesional, como en la fase piloto. La cooperación se extenderá también a cuestiones de desarrollo económico (microcréditos, apoyo a la creación de pequeñas empresas, etc.).

El compromiso de la COSUDE en Eritrea es conforme al objetivo principal de la cooperación al desarrollo, a saber, mejorar las condiciones de vida y crear oportunidades económicas para los jóvenes. Este enfoque es también el núcleo de la estrategia de cooperación internacional 2021-2024. La existencia de oportunidades es un factor importante en la decisión de quedarse o no en la región de origen. A este respecto, por ejemplo, Suiza apoya escuelas de formación profesional en varias regiones del país que ofrecen a los jóvenes eritreos y eritreas la oportunidad de aprender un oficio. En la ciudad portuaria de Massaoua, los instructores forman a los trabajadores y ofrecen formación continua. 

Proyecto de formación profesional en Eritrea y proyecto del PNUD sobre capacitación y migración en Eritrea

Suiza sigue apoyando proyectos de cooperación en Eritrea, Comunicado de prensa, 23.01.2020

Proyectos Sudán

Objeto 1 – 12 de 19

Sudan, Saferworld, Conflict Sensitivity Facility (CSF), Protection

01.04.2024 - 31.03.2028

The Conflict Sensitivity Facility (CSF) is a project implemented by Saferworld, that seeks to support the integration of conflict sensitivity into the strategies, policies, practices and programmes of aid actors in Sudan, and to ensure that interventions do not aggravate conflict but instead contribute to peace. CSF provides analysis, convenes discussions, shares learning and supports capacity development focused on priority areas for the aid sector.


SUD, OCHA: Sudan Humanitarian Fund 2024

01.01.2024 - 31.12.2024

The SHF is a country-based pooled fund that contributes to saving lives and protecting people in need by strengthening a coordinated and principled humanitarian response. It enables humanitarian actors to respond early and fast to humanitarian needs set out in the Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) and to critical emergencies. All interventions are in line with the Minimum Operating Standards approved by the Humanitarian Country Team.


2024 Additional allocation to WFP Country Strategic Plans (NHF)

01.01.2024 - 31.12.2024

The war in Sudan entered its second year. Sudan is facing a major humanitarian catastrophe. The conflict also affected neighbouring countries, in particular Chad and South Sudan who are already struggling with a dire humanitarian situation that pre-existed before the conflict broke out. The consequences of the war exacerbated the acute food insecurity situation in those countries. With additional funding, SDC reinforces WFP’s emergency response to deliver life-saving food and nutrition assistance in Sudan, Chad and South Sudan.


Sudan Conflict Affected-Populations Lifesaving Emergency Response (SCALE)

01.01.2024 - 31.12.2025

The conflict that broke out in Sudan on 15 April 2023 has led to a severe humanitarian crisis. Through the SCALE project, Mercy-Corps (MC) provides vulnerable conflict-affected and displaced individuals with Multipurpose Cash Assistance (MPCA) as well as food security and livelihoods support to meet their basic needs and enhance their coping capacities. SCALE adopts a nexus approach, leveraging MCs existing development and peacebuilding programming. Working alongside local partners, the project aims to amplify the voices of conflict-affected women and demonstrate the power of collective influence and action to address priority needs.


2024 Additional allocation to WFP Country Strategic Plans (NHF)

01.01.2024 - 31.12.2024

The war in Sudan entered its second year. Sudan is facing a major humanitarian catastrophe. The conflict also affected neighbouring countries, in particular Chad and South Sudan who are already struggling with a dire humanitarian situation that pre-existed before the conflict broke out. The consequences of the war exacerbated the acute food insecurity situation in those countries. With additional funding, SDC reinforces WFP’s emergency response to deliver life-saving food and nutrition assistance in Sudan, Chad and South Sudan.


OCHA Humanitarian Forum Sudan Crisis

01.12.2023 - 31.12.2024

Following the outbreak of violence between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) millions of Sudanese face dire humanitarian needs. The warring parties committed in Jeddah on 7th November to improve the safe and unhindered humanitarian access to persons in need. As part of this commitment, the RSF and the SAF agreed to participate in an OCHA led Humanitarian Forum to work out the operational details. 


FAO Sudan Emergency Livelihoods Response Plan (ELRP)

01.09.2023 - 30.11.2024

Six months after the outbreak of conflict in Sudan between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), 20.3m people face food insecurity. In response, FAO developed the Sudan Emergency Livelihoods Response Plan (ELRP), which aims at restoring and enhancing food production and strengthening agricultural livelihoods to support farming, herding, and fishing communities and vulnerable populations affected by the crisis. 


Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) – Emergency Response Plan Sudan Armed Conflict

01.06.2023 - 31.12.2024

Millions of people in Sudan are facing critical shortages of food, water, sanitation, shelter, non-food items, as well as access to basic education, psychosocial support and protection since the outbreak of fighting between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) on 15 April 2023. Based on its sectoral and technical areas of expertise, NRC therefore developed a multi-sectoral emergency response plan incl. multi-purpose cash, emergency shelter/ NFI, WASH, education assistance, and protection interventions.


Sudan Emergency, UNHCR Regional Refugee Response, SSD Emergency Response May-October 2023

01.05.2023 - 31.12.2023

This contribution aims at supporting the Government of South Sudan’s efforts to respond to the influx of refugees and South Sudanese returnees in the aftermath of the outbreak of conflict on the 15.4.2023 in Sudan. UNHCR’s emergency response focuses on the identification and reception of the most vulnerable new arrivals at prioritized points of entry, with the provision of life-saving support and specialized protection services.


2023 Annual Allocation to WFP Country Strategic Plans - Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, South Sudan

01.01.2023 - 31.12.2023

Against historic levels of food security due to conflicts, climate change and COVID-19, Switzerland supports annually in 28 SDC priority countries operations of the World Food Programme (WFP) to provide humanitarian and development assistance. It funds indistinctively Country Strategic Plans, incorporating all WFP programmes or projects, based on affected population needs and potential synergies with other local partners, especially national governments and civil society.


Allocation of SDC Funding in 2023 to ICRC Operations in Ethiopia, Somalia, South Sudan and Sudan

01.01.2023 - 31.12.2023

SDC funding to ICRC operations allows the International Committee of the Red Cross to respond proactively and to provide immediate protection and assistance for people affected by armed conflict and other situations of violence. In line with the Good Humanitarian Donorship principles, Switzerland recognizes the necessity of predictable and flexible funding to respond to changing needs in humanitarian crises.


Contribution to UNHCR Programme Budget 2023-2024 (earmarked)

01.01.2023 - 31.12.2024

UNHCR is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners due to its unique mandate by the General Assembly of United Nations to provide protection and assistance to refugees, asylum seekers, refugee returnees, and stateless persons. The strategic direction 2022-26 concretise the overall mandate of UNHCR for the upcoming years. Contributing to these directions allows Switzerland to achieve in particular the human development goal defined in the Dispatch to Parliament on International Cooperation for 2021-24.

Objeto 1 – 12 de 19

Proyectos Eritrea

Objeto 1 – 12 de 13

One Health for Humans, Environment, Animals, and Livelihoods (HEAL)

01.11.2024 - 31.10.2028

Access to basic health and veterinary services is challenging in (agro-)pastoralist societies in the Horn of Africa due to unfavourable environmental and climatic conditions and limited delivery of basic services. Using a One Health approach, Switzerland promotes an innovative integrated human/livestock/environmental health service model, contributing to improved health, reduced vulnerability and increased livelihood resilience.


Institutional Strengthening Action Program of IGAD – ISAP IV

01.01.2023 - 31.12.2025

The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) is the sub-regional organization in the Horn of Africa. In line with Switzerland’s decision to increase its engagement with IGAD, the proposed contribution aims at reinforcing IGAD’s corporate performance, operational efficiency and building a coherent and collaborative engagement between IGAD and stakeholders for increased transparency and accountability. Hence contributing to greater stability and policy coherence in the Horn of Africa. 


RLP - Horn of Africa Regional Livestock Program

01.12.2022 - 31.12.2026

Pastoralist communities in the Horn of Africa (HoA) rely on livestock as their main livelihood source. They face multiple pressures of climate change, degraded natural resources, and conflicts. The program will support historically underdeveloped pastoralist cross-border communities of Somalia, Ethiopia, and Kenya to become more climate resilient and derive sustainable livelihoods from inclusive livestock market systems. The intervention takes a regional approach – linking production, markets, and policy.


HoA, Culture for Peace

01.07.2022 - 30.11.2028

The Culture for Peace (C4P) Programme in the Horn of Africa (HoA), seeks to safeguard cultural heritage while fostering economic opportunities in the region. The initiative supports local cultural entities, enhancing livelihoods through market-driven interventions by working with the youth, women and marginalized groups. By preserving both tangible and intangible cultural heritage, Switzerland contributes to improved social cohesion thus contributing to peace and stability across the region.


Financing Durable Solutions Programme for Forcibly Displaced People (FDSI)

01.10.2021 - 31.12.2025

Through an innovative approach, Switzerland will mobilize the private sector and municipalities to contribute to durable solutions for displacement-affected communities in the Horn of Africa. Forcibly displaced persons and their host communities will benefit from enhanced self-reliance and increased socioeconomic inclusion. The initiative operationalises the strategic link between migration policy and international cooperation and further strengthens Switzerland’s profile as a pioneer in the search for durable solutions.


Jigjiga One Health Initiative Phase 2 (JOHI2)

01.04.2021 - 31.03.2026

The Jijiga One Health Initiative aims to develop a trans-disciplinary centre of excellence on pastoralist health within the Jijiga University (Somali Region, Ethiopia). Community-based one-health research and pilot interventions, including contribution to COVID-19 prevention and response, as well as targeted policy influencing will contribute to improved health among pastoralist communities and reduce pressure for their displacement/migration, which is in the interest of Switzerland.  


Eritrea Vocational Skills Training

01.09.2020 - 31.05.2025

Building upon a successful pilot phase (2017-2019), Switzerland will continue to contribute to two well established NGO-ted initiatives on technical and vocational education and training in Eritrea. The initiatives aim at improving the quality of teaching in targeted vocational skills institutions and testing the possibility of engaging in entrepreneurial activities. Ultimately the goal is to contribute to giving better life perspectives and job-opportunities to young Eritreans in their home country.


Somalia - UN Joint Programme Saameynta: Scaling-up Solutions to Displacement (UNJPS)

01.11.2019 - 30.06.2025

Displacement contributes to Somalia’s rapid and unplanned urbanization. 2.6 million people are displaced with little prospects for durable solutions. Switzerland, in a whole of government approach and through a UN Joint Programme Saameynta (UNJPS) will contribute to durable solutions for displacement-affected communities by improving their protection environment, socio-economic inclusiveness, self-reliance and fit-for-purpose land governance, thus leading to sustainable (re)integration.


Horn of Africa: Framework for Risk Governance and Adaptive Programming (FRAP)

15.09.2019 - 31.12.2025

The Horn of Africa is a hyper-fragile context with high security and fiduciary risks. This framework strengthens Switzerland’s fitness to operate remotely in hard-to-access contexts through a innovative monitoring and accountability tool. It supports capacity strengthening of local partners. The framework enables adaptive programming and effectiveness of the portfolio. It strengthens Somalia’s statistical system to improve data gathering and to monitor the implementation of the Agenda 2030.


One Health Units for Humans, Environment, Animals and Livelihoods (HEAL)

01.03.2019 - 31.10.2024

Transmission of diseases between humans and animals are frequent in pastoralist societies of Somalia, Ethiopia and Northern Kenya and related to environmental conditions. The HEAL project promotes sustainable rangeland management and access to integrated human/livestock health services. Thereby, it contributes to improved health, to reduced vulnerability among pastoralist communities and to prevention of their displacement/migration, which is in the interest of Switzerland.


Kenya: IFC Private Sector Engagement Kakuma

10.12.2018 - 31.12.2026

The project IFC Private Sector Engagement Kakuma implemented by the International Finance Corporation (IFC), seeks to attract private sector solutions for refugees and host communities through catalyzing private investments. Thanks to access to improved services, potentially lower prices and supported jobs, refugees and host community will enhance economic opportunities and capacities, self-esteem, dignity and empowerment.


Eritrea Vocational Skills Training

01.10.2017 - 30.04.2021

The Swiss Development Cooperation will implement in this pilot phase 2 projects in vocational skills training in Eritrea. One project is designed as a contribution to ongoing projects of Don Bosco, the other to a project of the “Schweizerisches Unterstützungskomitee für Eritrea. The objectives of the phase are: (i) enhancing the training of teachers and increasing numbers of students having access to trainings and (ii) building a relation of trust with the Eritrean authorities in order to open a broader policy dialogue between the two countries

Objeto 1 – 12 de 13